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Kravchik, Baruch (Bolek)

Kravchik, Baruch (Bolek)


Baruch, son of Sarah and Zvi, was born in Warsaw in 1928. His father, who was suffering and a wagon driver, supported his six children, and Baruch received a thorough education in his hometown On the eve of World War II, more than a quarter of a million Jews lived in Warsaw, The largest Jewish community in the country The war began on September 1, 1939. The Germans surrendered to the Germans on September 28, after three weeks of bombardment and shelling, and 90,000 refugees were brought to the city, The city, surrounded by a wall, the Jews lost their property, and the flow of refugees crammed into it increased mortality by dead numbers Baruch was 13 years old and knew how to use firearms, and he openly played weapons inside the ghetto without fear, until one day he was caught by the Nazis, who were about to kill him, but Baruch, resourceful, managed to escape from his captors. He was murdered and, knowing that the Nazis were burning after him, decided to leave the city, to his mother’s dismay, he never saw him again, and he came to one of the villages where he pretended to be a Christian and lived with a Polish farmer. Remained an orphan after his parents were killed in the bombing and since then he has been rolling from the agriculture to the agriculture. The farmer believed him and took him to work. Soon Baruch joined the Polish underground. He soon excelled in his operations and rose to the rank of officer. On May 3, 1943, 15-year-old Baruch received an order from his commanders in the underground to pass through the streets of Warsaw in a propaganda campaign, riding a motorcycle, dressed in Polish army uniform and Polish flag in his hands. Baruch knew that if he refused to be killed and decided that if he was to die, he would die as a hero. He did as he was asked, and when he saw that Nazis were burning after him, he accelerated the speed, lit the mine wire attached to the motorcycle, and threw himself into the ditch. The motorcycle exploded and Baruch was wounded, but remained alive. When the Nazis discovered his hiding place and approached him, he threw the last grenade he had in his possession and killed him. With the flag in his hand, the injured Baruch crawled for six kilometers, to the nearby village where they had helped him. Upon his return to Warsaw, Baruch learned that his sister was sitting in the ghetto prison under the guard of a Jewish policeman. Baruch went to her rescue and offered the policeman a large sum of money, but he asked for more. When Baruch began to threaten him with a pistol, he summoned his fellow policemen. Baruch shot him dead and fled for his life. On the eve of the Passover holiday in April 1943, Baruch participated in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, and the uprising broke out after it became known that the Germans intended to liquidate the ghetto, and the fighters, who trained for the uprising and prepared bunkers and weapons, For a few weeks, the Germans and killed them. The revolt was suppressed only after the Germans burned the ghetto houses and the rebels had nowhere to hide. After the revolt was suppressed, the ghetto was liquidated, and the last of its members were sent to an extermination camp. Baruch managed to escape from the ghetto at the end of the uprising, and stayed in the village with the farmer he knew until the day of liberation. At the end of the war Baruch returned to the city and found none of his family. One of his friends convinced him to join a group that was about to immigrate to Israel within a few weeks. Baruch joined the group and went to Israel on August 2, 1946. The ship sailed from the port of Boca de Migra in Italy with 790 immigrants on its way to Cyprus and was spotted by a British reconnaissance aircraft sent by a destroyer, The British soldiers boarded the ship and ordered the national flag to be lowered from the mast. Baruch, who sat next to the flag, refused to comply with the demand, and showed no fear even when the policeman in front of him threatened him with a weapon.Haifa port, and despite the hunger strike initiated by the immigrants in protest of their deportation, they were put on a British ship and taken to camps in Cyprus. Baruch spent four months in detention in Cyprus, and at the beginning of 1947 he arrived in Israel. He lived with his group in Afula and worked as a construction worker. He was an active member of the local Haganah branch. With the outbreak of the War of Independence, Baruch enlisted in the 14th Battalion of the Golani Brigade, the 1st Brigade in the Haganah. He underwent training, participated in a sabotage course and took part in escorting convoys to Jerusalem. During the operation, his hand was broken, but this did not prevent him from going to battles in Mishmar Ha’emek, where he fought with a broken hand. In the Jordan Valley, at the end of May 1948, he wanted to join the 81st Battalion (89) in the Eighth Brigade. With the end of the first truce in the war, in July 1948, Israel initiated Operation Dani to open the road to Jerusalem. This is despite the fact that they have already overcome the siege of the city thanks to the Burma Road, which opened a month earlier. The operation took place on several fronts, the central ones being Lod and Ramle. On the eve of the operation, tens of thousands of hostile Arab residents lived in Ramle and Lod, which constituted a significant danger to the settlements of Gush Dan and the southern settlements. Thousands of local Arab fighters joined the Jordanian army that invaded Palestine, and together they constituted a large and threatening force on the way to Jerusalem. The task of the conquest of Lydda was imposed mainly on Battalion 81 (89). On the 11th of Tammuz 5708 (11.7.1948) an armored column broke out in the direction of Lod with a combat armored vehicle taken from the Jordanian army and nicknamed “The Terrible Tiger,” followed by half-tracks and jeeps. The armored convoy entered a fierce battle with the Jordanian soldiers who were fortified there. Some of the battalion’s soldiers, including Baruch, fell in this battle. The capture of Lod was completed shortly afterwards by the fighters of the Yiftah Brigade. Later, Ramle also fell and was conquered by nearby villages of Modi’in. The achievements of the operation removed the fear of the Jordanian army being stationed in the Latrun area of ​​Ramle and Lod, which could have threatened the young state of Israel. Baruch was twenty years old when he fell. He was laid to rest in the military cemetery in Nahalat Yitzhak. This hero is a “last scion”. The survivors of the Holocaust are survivors of the Holocaust who survived the last remnant of their nuclear family (parents, brothers, sisters, sons and daughters) who experienced the Holocaust in the ghettos and / or concentration camps and / or in hiding and hiding in territories occupied by the Nazis and / Or in combat alongside members of the underground movements or partisans in the Nazi-occupied territories who immigrated to Israel during or after World War II, wore uniforms and fell in the Israeli army.

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